Low A/G ratio signifies a tendency for edema because globulin is less effective than albumin at holding water in the bloodĮnzyme of bone metabolism increased in liver disease and metastatic bone disease Used to diagnose and monitor treatment of liver disease and to monitor the effects of drugs on the liver increased in myocardial infarctionĪlbumin holds water in blood decreased in liver disease and kidney disease Increased in dehydration and diabetes insipidus decreased in overload of IV fluids, burns,diarrhea, or vomiting Increased in renal failure, extensive cell damage, and acidosis decreased in vomiting, diarrhea, and excess administration of diuretics or IV fluidsġ01-111 mEq/L or 135-148 mEq/L (depending on test) Increased in diabetes and severe illness decreased in insulin overdose or hypoglycemia Produced at a constant rate and excreted by the kidney increased in kidney diseaseįasting: 70-110 mg/dL Random: 85-125 mg/dL Increased in dehydration, hyperventilation, and congestive heart failure decreased in vomiting,diarrhea, and fever Useful to evaluate acid-base balance by measuring total carbon dioxide in the blood: Elevated in vomiting and pulmonary disease decreased in diabetic acidosis, acute renal failure, and hyperventilation Increased in renal disease and dehydration decreased in liver damage and malnutritionĬarbon dioxide (CO2) (includes bicarbonate)
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